THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN ACHIEVING ECONOMIC PROSPERITY THROUGH STRENGTHENING THE SHARIA ECONOMY IN INDONESIA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran negara dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan ekonomi melalui penguatan ekonomi syariah di Indonesia. Penguatan tersebut menjadi urgensi struktural di tengah tantangan ketimpangan pendapatan, kemiskinan, keterbatasan fiskal negara berkembang, dan kebutuhan akan sistem ekonomi yang lebih berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif–analitis dengan studi pustaka yang mengintegrasikan regulasi, data empiris, serta literatur akademik terkait ekonomi syariah, filsafat keadilan sosial (Al-F?r?b?, Ibn Khaldun, Rawls), dan maq??id al-shar?‘ah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negara memiliki peran strategis sebagai regulator, fasilitator, katalisator, dan akselerator dalam membangun ekosistem syariah. Kinerja ini didukung oleh pertumbuhan aset perbankan syariah yang mencapai 9,88% pada 2024 dan pembiayaan yang tumbuh 9,92% secara tahunan (Year-on-Year/YoY). Namun, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua tantangan kritis: (1) Optimalisasi wakaf produktif masih terhambat oleh kurangnya integrasi dengan kerangka insentif fiskal, meskipun wakaf berperan sebagai pelengkap mekanisme pajak dalam mengurangi ketimpangan; dan (2) Inkonsistensi alokasi dana Green Sukuk yang hampir nihil pada sektor energi terbarukan, melemahkan klaim negara sebagai katalisator transisi energi dan pelanggaran terhadap prinsip ?if? al-B?’ah. Analisis filosofis menegaskan bahwa peran negara selaras dengan Difference Principle John Rawls dan tujuan maq??id al-shar?‘ah dalam menjaga harta dan jiwa, yang secara operasional diikat oleh prinsip Good Governance Business Sharia (GGBS). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sinergi kebijakan negara harus lebih strategis, khususnya dalam harmonisasi fiskal wakaf dan reorientasi alokasi green finance, untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan ekonomi yang adil, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan. This study aims to analyse the role of the state in achieving economic welfare through the strengthening of the Islamic economy in Indonesia. This strengthening is a structural urgency amid challenges of income inequality, poverty, fiscal constraints in developing countries, and the need for a more equitable and sustainable economic system. The research method uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach with a literature study that integrates regulations, empirical data, and academic literature related to Islamic economics, social justice philosophy (Al-F?r?b?, Ibn Khaldun, Rawls), and maq??id al-shar?‘ah. The results of the study show that the state has a strategic role as a regulator, facilitator, catalyst, and accelerator in building a sharia ecosystem. This performance is supported by the growth of sharia banking assets, which reached 9.88% in 2024, and financing, which grew 9.92% year-on-year (YoY). However, this study identifies two critical challenges: (1) The optimisation of productive waqf is still hampered by a lack of integration with the fiscal incentive framework, even though waqf plays a complementary role to the tax mechanism in reducing inequality; and (2) The inconsistency of Green Sukuk fund allocation, which is almost non-existent in the renewable energy sector, weakens the state's claim as a catalyst for energy transition and violates the principle of ?if? al-B?’ah. Philosophical analysis confirms that the role of the state is in line with John Rawls' Difference Principle and the objectives of maq??id al-shar?‘ah in protecting property and life, which are operationally bound by the principles of Good Governance Business Sharia (GGBS). This study concludes that the synergy of state policies must be more strategic, particularly in the fiscal harmonisation of waqf and the reorientation of green finance allocation, to achieve fair, inclusive, and sustainable economic welfare