Investigating Numeracy Skills: How Students Handle Data Representation Challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v13i2.4161Keywords:
data representation, numeracy, numeracy problem, problem-solvingAbstract
Adequate numeracy skills are essential, yet many students still face difficulties in solving numeracy problems. Previous studies have indicated that one of the challenges encountered by students relates to the representation of data or information in the problems to be solved. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore how students with various levels of numeracy skills address these obstacles in problem solving. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach, and data collection techniques include triangulation of test results and interviews. The research subjects are 30 eighth- grade students at one of the public junior high schools in Malang Regency. The results obtained show that students at a proficient level can represent data using mathematical expressions (creating patterns), capable students can represent data with words or written text, whereas students at the basic level still struggle with representing data due to difficulties in connecting available information, though they can read the charts presented. Students requiring special intervention are still unable to represent data from the graphs presented, and they also have difficulties in reading and finding information from graphs. Some students still struggle with writing mathematical arguments and reading information, and are not accustomed to contextual problems. Thus, it is advisable for teachers to familiarize students by providing numeracy problems, both PISA or AKM typesReferences
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Aslan, A., Silvia, S., Nugroho, B. S., Ramli, M., & Rusiadi, R. (2020). Teacher’s Leadership Teaching Strategy Supporting Student Learning During The COVID-19 Disruption. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(3), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v5i3.984
Azkiah, F., & Sundayana, R. (2022). Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMP Berdasarkan Self Efficacy Siswa. PLUSMINUS?: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(2), 221–232.
Azzajjad, M. F., Ahmar, D. S., Mustapa, K., & Ahmar, A. S. (2023). Literature Review: 21st Century Skills Learning Through Numeracy Literacy Integration In Promoting The National Literacy Movement. Al-Fikrah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 11(1), 187-199. https://doi.org/10.31958/jaf.v11i1.8725
Dalim, S. F., Syed Aris, S. R., Hoon, T. S., Nadzri, F. A., Deni, S. M., Yahya, N., & Si, E. M. (2023). Framework for Numeracy and Digital Skills Attributes in Higher Education. Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 8(3), 16–35. https://doi.org/10.46303/ressat.2023.18
Sihotang, R.E.M, & Aisyah, N. (2021). Exploring Students’ Interpretation Skills on Data of Covid-19 Infographic Relating to Statistic. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 5(2), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i2.4043
Fachrudin, A. D. (2022). Modul Pelatihan Peningkatan Kompetensi Numerasi untuk Guru Pengetahuan Numerasi : Proses, Konten, dan Konteks. Kementrian Pendidikan. Jakarta: Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi.
Fatmawati, A., Zubaidah, S., Mahanal, S., & Sutopo, S. (2022). Representation Skills of Students with Different Ability Levels when Learning Using the LCMR Model. Pegem Egitim ve Ogretim Dergisi, 13(1), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.01.20
Giannakopoulou, E. (2023). Reading and Understanding Numerical Information about COVID-19 by Greek Adults. Adults Learning Mathematics, 17(1), 7-25.
Han, W., Susanto, D., Dewayani, S., Pandora, P., Hanifah, N., Miftahussururi, Nento, M. N., & Akbari, Q. S. (2017). Materi Pendukung Literasi Numerasi. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan .
Handayani, M., Perdana, N. S., & Ukhlumudin, I. (2021, April). Readiness of teachers and students to take minimum competency assessments. In International Conference on Educational Assessment and Policy (ICEAP 2020) (pp. 73-79). Atlantis Press.
Hartati, M., & Nurhadi. (2021). Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Literasi Membaca. Jakarta: Direktorat Sekolah Menengah Atas.
Ismail, Putri, R. S., Zulfadhli, Z., Mustofa, A., Musfiana, M., & Hadiyani, R. (2022). Student Motivation to Follow the Student Creativity Program. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 5(2), 351–360. https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v5i2.27641
Iswara, H. S., Ahmadi, F., & Da Ary, D. (2022). Numeracy Literacy
Skills of Elementary School Students Through Ethnomathematics-Based Problem Solving. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 2(2), 1604–1616.
Karmeliana, D. S., & Ladyawati, E. (2023). Analysis of Senior High School Students’ Numeracy Based on Learning Style. JRPIPM, 6(2), 2581–0480.
Khotimah, K., Akbar, dun, & Sa, C. (2018). Pelaksanaan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan, 3(1), 1488–1498. http://journal.um.ac.id/index.php/jptpp/
Kruszewska, A., Nazaruk, S., & Szewczyk, K. (2022). Polish Teachers of Early Education in The Face of Distance Learning During The COVID-19 Pandemic–The Difficulties Experienced and Suggestions For The Future. Education 3-13, 50(3), 304–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2020.1849346
MacHromah, I. U., Sari, C. K., & Zakiyyah. (2021). Batik Context as PISA-like Problem to Assess Students’ Mathematical Literacy. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1776(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1776/1/012013
Mardiana, E., Sa’Dijah, C., Qohar, A., & Anwar, L. (2020). Practicality
and effectiveness of realistic mathematical learning materials to support mathematical literacy skills of junior high school students. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2215. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0000844
Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing Pisa-like mathematics tasks using a COVID-19 context (Pisacomat). Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(2), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.22342/JME.12.2.13181.349-364
Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, Z., & Putri, R. I. I. (2020). Designing PISA-Like Mathematics Problem Relating Change and Relationship Using Physical Distancing Context. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1663(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742- 6596/1663/1/012004
OECD. (2019). PISA 2018 Results (Volume I). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5f07c754-en
OECD. (2021). Growth mindset, students,and schools in PISA. OECD Publishing.
Pasehah, A. M. (2019). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Penyajian Data. Prosiding Sesiomadika, 2(1d).
Purnomo, H., Sa’dijah, C., Hidayanto, E., Sisworo, Permadi, H., &
Anwar, L. (2022). Development of Instrument Numeracy Skills Test of Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA) in Indonesia. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 635–648. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15335a
Putra, L. V., Sukestiyarno, Masrukan, & Widodo, J. (2023). Numeration Problems in Elementary School Mathematics Learning in Semarang from the Teacher’s Perspective. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(4), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.04.08
Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2020). Designing PISA-Like Mathematics Task Using Asian Games Context. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(1), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.1.9786.135-144
Ridho, M. H., Mulyaning, A., & Dahlan, E. C. (2023). Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Representation Ability in Phythagoras Theorem in Junior High School. 11–23. www.istes.orghttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-9812-6989
Rizki Hardianti, S., & Nia Sania Effendi, K. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMA Kelas XI. Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif, 4(5), 1093-1104. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v4i5.1093-1104
Rosidi, A. A., Nimah, M., & Rahayu, E. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Siswa SMP Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 6(2), 3303-3315.
Sa’adah, N. R., & Sumartini, T. S. (2021). Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP pada Materi Statistika. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 1(3), 505-518.
Sa’dijah, C., Purnomo, H., Abdullah, A. H., Permadi, H., Anwar, L., Cahyowati, E. T. D., & Sa’diyah, M. (2023). Students’ Numeracy Skills in Solving Numeracy Tasks: Analysis of Students of Junior High Schools. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2569. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0113664
Sari, S. P., Zulkardi, Z., & Darmawijoyo, D. (2021). Students’ Numeracy Skills Relating to Algebra Topic Using COVID-19 Context. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 5(1), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i1.3881
Schoenfeld, A. H. (2022). Why are learning and teaching mathematics so difficult?. In Handbook of cognitive mathematics (pp. 1-35). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Simarmata, E. D. K., Roza, Y., & Hutapea, N. M. (2023). Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Trigonometri Tipe AKM. PRISMA, 12(2), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v12i2.3271
Singh, D., Chand, S. P., Kumar, K. K., & Ali, R. (2023). Effectiveness of literacy and numeracy in commerce subjects among secondary schools in Fiji. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 17(3), 447–454. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v17i3.20873.
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Research
and Development/R&D). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tresnasih, I., Ratnaningsih, N., & Rahayu, D. V. (2022). Analisis Numerasi Matematis Peserta Didik dalam Menyelesaikan Soal AKM. PRISMA, 11(2), 478-486. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v11i2.2454
Trisnawati, R. A. (2022). Development Of Numeration Literacy Questions Using The Social-Cultural Context Of Labuhanbatu. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences, 1(5).
Wijaya, A., & Dewayani, S. (2021). Framework Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM). Pusat Asesmen dan Pembelajaran, Badan Penelitian, Pengembangan dan Perbukuan, Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Nusantara, D. S., & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing PISA-Like Task on Uncertainty and Data Using COVID-19 Context. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1722, No. 1, p. 012102). IOP Publishing.
Aslan, A., Silvia, S., Nugroho, B. S., Ramli, M., & Rusiadi, R. (2020). Teacher’s Leadership Teaching Strategy Supporting Student Learning During The COVID-19 Disruption. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(3), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v5i3.984
Azkiah, F., & Sundayana, R. (2022). Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMP Berdasarkan Self Efficacy Siswa. PLUSMINUS?: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(2), 221–232.
Azzajjad, M. F., Ahmar, D. S., Mustapa, K., & Ahmar, A. S. (2023). Literature Review: 21st Century Skills Learning Through Numeracy Literacy Integration In Promoting The National Literacy Movement. Al-Fikrah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 11(1), 187-199. https://doi.org/10.31958/jaf.v11i1.8725
Dalim, S. F., Syed Aris, S. R., Hoon, T. S., Nadzri, F. A., Deni, S. M., Yahya, N., & Si, E. M. (2023). Framework for Numeracy and Digital Skills Attributes in Higher Education. Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 8(3), 16–35. https://doi.org/10.46303/ressat.2023.18
Sihotang, R.E.M, & Aisyah, N. (2021). Exploring Students’ Interpretation Skills on Data of Covid-19 Infographic Relating to Statistic. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 5(2), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i2.4043
Fachrudin, A. D. (2022). Modul Pelatihan Peningkatan Kompetensi Numerasi untuk Guru Pengetahuan Numerasi : Proses, Konten, dan Konteks. Kementrian Pendidikan. Jakarta: Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi.
Fatmawati, A., Zubaidah, S., Mahanal, S., & Sutopo, S. (2022). Representation Skills of Students with Different Ability Levels when Learning Using the LCMR Model. Pegem Egitim ve Ogretim Dergisi, 13(1), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.01.20
Giannakopoulou, E. (2023). Reading and Understanding Numerical Information about COVID-19 by Greek Adults. Adults Learning Mathematics, 17(1), 7-25.
Han, W., Susanto, D., Dewayani, S., Pandora, P., Hanifah, N., Miftahussururi, Nento, M. N., & Akbari, Q. S. (2017). Materi Pendukung Literasi Numerasi. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan .
Handayani, M., Perdana, N. S., & Ukhlumudin, I. (2021, April). Readiness of teachers and students to take minimum competency assessments. In International Conference on Educational Assessment and Policy (ICEAP 2020) (pp. 73-79). Atlantis Press.
Hartati, M., & Nurhadi. (2021). Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Literasi Membaca. Jakarta: Direktorat Sekolah Menengah Atas.
Ismail, Putri, R. S., Zulfadhli, Z., Mustofa, A., Musfiana, M., & Hadiyani, R. (2022). Student Motivation to Follow the Student Creativity Program. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 5(2), 351–360. https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v5i2.27641
Iswara, H. S., Ahmadi, F., & Da Ary, D. (2022). Numeracy Literacy
Skills of Elementary School Students Through Ethnomathematics-Based Problem Solving. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 2(2), 1604–1616.
Karmeliana, D. S., & Ladyawati, E. (2023). Analysis of Senior High School Students’ Numeracy Based on Learning Style. JRPIPM, 6(2), 2581–0480.
Khotimah, K., Akbar, dun, & Sa, C. (2018). Pelaksanaan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan, 3(1), 1488–1498. http://journal.um.ac.id/index.php/jptpp/
Kruszewska, A., Nazaruk, S., & Szewczyk, K. (2022). Polish Teachers of Early Education in The Face of Distance Learning During The COVID-19 Pandemic–The Difficulties Experienced and Suggestions For The Future. Education 3-13, 50(3), 304–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2020.1849346
MacHromah, I. U., Sari, C. K., & Zakiyyah. (2021). Batik Context as PISA-like Problem to Assess Students’ Mathematical Literacy. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1776(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1776/1/012013
Mardiana, E., Sa’Dijah, C., Qohar, A., & Anwar, L. (2020). Practicality
and effectiveness of realistic mathematical learning materials to support mathematical literacy skills of junior high school students. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2215. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0000844
Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing Pisa-like mathematics tasks using a COVID-19 context (Pisacomat). Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(2), 349–364. https://doi.org/10.22342/JME.12.2.13181.349-364
Nusantara, D. S., Zulkardi, Z., & Putri, R. I. I. (2020). Designing PISA-Like Mathematics Problem Relating Change and Relationship Using Physical Distancing Context. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1663(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742- 6596/1663/1/012004
OECD. (2019). PISA 2018 Results (Volume I). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5f07c754-en
OECD. (2021). Growth mindset, students,and schools in PISA. OECD Publishing.
Pasehah, A. M. (2019). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Penyajian Data. Prosiding Sesiomadika, 2(1d).
Purnomo, H., Sa’dijah, C., Hidayanto, E., Sisworo, Permadi, H., &
Anwar, L. (2022). Development of Instrument Numeracy Skills Test of Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA) in Indonesia. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 635–648. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15335a
Putra, L. V., Sukestiyarno, Masrukan, & Widodo, J. (2023). Numeration Problems in Elementary School Mathematics Learning in Semarang from the Teacher’s Perspective. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(4), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.04.08
Putri, R. I. I., & Zulkardi. (2020). Designing PISA-Like Mathematics Task Using Asian Games Context. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(1), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.1.9786.135-144
Ridho, M. H., Mulyaning, A., & Dahlan, E. C. (2023). Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Representation Ability in Phythagoras Theorem in Junior High School. 11–23. www.istes.orghttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-9812-6989
Rizki Hardianti, S., & Nia Sania Effendi, K. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMA Kelas XI. Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif, 4(5), 1093-1104. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v4i5.1093-1104
Rosidi, A. A., Nimah, M., & Rahayu, E. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi Siswa SMP Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 6(2), 3303-3315.
Sa’adah, N. R., & Sumartini, T. S. (2021). Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP pada Materi Statistika. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 1(3), 505-518.
Sa’dijah, C., Purnomo, H., Abdullah, A. H., Permadi, H., Anwar, L., Cahyowati, E. T. D., & Sa’diyah, M. (2023). Students’ Numeracy Skills in Solving Numeracy Tasks: Analysis of Students of Junior High Schools. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2569. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0113664
Sari, S. P., Zulkardi, Z., & Darmawijoyo, D. (2021). Students’ Numeracy Skills Relating to Algebra Topic Using COVID-19 Context. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 5(1), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v5i1.3881
Schoenfeld, A. H. (2022). Why are learning and teaching mathematics so difficult?. In Handbook of cognitive mathematics (pp. 1-35). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Simarmata, E. D. K., Roza, Y., & Hutapea, N. M. (2023). Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Trigonometri Tipe AKM. PRISMA, 12(2), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v12i2.3271
Singh, D., Chand, S. P., Kumar, K. K., & Ali, R. (2023). Effectiveness of literacy and numeracy in commerce subjects among secondary schools in Fiji. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 17(3), 447–454. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v17i3.20873.
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Research
and Development/R&D). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tresnasih, I., Ratnaningsih, N., & Rahayu, D. V. (2022). Analisis Numerasi Matematis Peserta Didik dalam Menyelesaikan Soal AKM. PRISMA, 11(2), 478-486. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v11i2.2454
Trisnawati, R. A. (2022). Development Of Numeration Literacy Questions Using The Social-Cultural Context Of Labuhanbatu. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences, 1(5).
Wijaya, A., & Dewayani, S. (2021). Framework Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM). Pusat Asesmen dan Pembelajaran, Badan Penelitian, Pengembangan dan Perbukuan, Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Nusantara, D. S., & Putri, R. I. I. (2021). Designing PISA-Like Task on Uncertainty and Data Using COVID-19 Context. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1722, No. 1, p. 012102). IOP Publishing.
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