Wanita dalam Novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" Karya Ahmad Tohari Telaah Struktural-Feminisme

Abstract

Karakter wanita sudah sejak lama menjadi pusat perhatian pengarang  sastra Indonesia. Novel adalah gambaran dari kehidupan dan perilaku yang nyata, dari zaman pada saat novel itu ditulis. Artikel ini akan menyajikan dengan cara apa karakter wanita digambarkan dalam novel “Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk”. Dalam penelitian digunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter karakter Srintil, Nyai Sakarya, Nyai Kartareja, Tampi, Istri Santayib, Siti, Ciplak, Ibu Camat, Ibu Wedana, dan Nyai Sentika perwatakannya melalui penampilan fisik, melalui ucapan/perbuatan, melalui pikiran, dan melalui penerangan langsung. Karakter Nenek Rasus, Ibu Komandan Polisi dan karakter Darsinah hanya digambarkan melalui penampilan fisik, melalui ucapan/perbuatan, dan melalui penerangan langsung. Karakter Emak Rasus, Istri Lurah Pecikalan, Istri Sakum, Ronggeng Trombol, Ronggeng Cepon, dan Istri Kapten Mortir penggambarannya melalui penerangan langsung. Sedangkan karakter Riwed, Darkem, Blokeng, Trombol penggambarannya melalui ucapan dan perbuatan. Secara sederhana dapat dikatakan bahwa penggambaran karakter wanita yang ada dalam novel dibedakan menjadi empat bagian, yaitu melalui penampilan fisik, melalui ucapan/perbuatan, melalui pikiran, dan melalui penerangan langsung dalam cerita novel.

Kata kunci : struktur, karakter,  wanita, feminisme, bahan ajar

Female characters have long been the center of attention of Indonesian literary authors. The novel is a picture of life and real behavior, from the time when the novel was written. This article will present in what way female characters are depicted in the novel "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk". In the study used descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The technique used in collecting data is literature review. The results showed that the characters of Srintil, Nyai Sakarya, Nyai Kartareja, Tampi, Istri Santayib, Siti, Ciplak, Ibu Camat, Ibu Wedana, and Nyai Sentika were expressed through physical appearance, through speech/action, through thought, and through direct illumination. The characters of Nenek Rasus, Ibu Komandan Polisi and Darsinah character are only depicted through physical appearance, through speech / deeds, and through direct illumination. The character of Emak Rasus, Istri Lurah Pecikalan, Istri Sakum, Ronggeng Trombol, Ronggeng Cepon, and Istri Kapten Mortir portrayed through direct lighting. While the characters Riwed, Darkem, Blokeng, Trombol portrayed through words and deeds. It can be said simply that the portrayal of female characters in the novel is divided into four parts, namely through physical appearance, through speech/action, through thought, and through direct illumination in the story of the novel.

Keywords: structure, character, women, feminism, teaching materials