Semiotika Riffaterre Puisi "Dongeng Marsinah" Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono

Abstract

The poem "Dongeng Marsinah" is part of an anthology entitled "Melip the Distance" by Sapardi Djoko Damono which was published in 2017. This article will describe an analysis of the poem based on Riffaterre's semiotics. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection techniques used were reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques include data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the heuristic and hermeneutic reading of the poem is a description of the events experienced by Marsinah, the indirectness of the expression which consists of changing meaning, distorting meaning, and creating art, the matrix in the form of Marsinah as a figure who was persecuted and killed just because of her role demanding freedom of opinion, a model in the form of Marsinah and a watch, variants implied in each lyric, and a hypogram in the form of an incident experienced by Marsinah, who was declared missing after leading her fellow workers to protest and strike and her body was found in the forest with signs of severe torture.

Keywords: poetry; Riffaterre; semiotics

Abstrak

Puisi "Dongeng Marsinah" merupakan bagian dari antologi berjudul “Melip the Distance†karya Sapardi Djoko Damono yang terbit tahun 2017. Artikel ini akan menggambarkan telaah puisi itu berdasarkan semiotika Riffaterre. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik membaca dan mencatat. Teknik analisis data meliputi penyajian data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik puisi itu sebagai gambaran peristiwa yang dialami Marsinah, ketidaklangsungan ungkapan yang terdiri dari perubahan makna, distorsi makna, dan berkarya seni, matrix dalam wujud Marsinah sebagai sosok yang dianiaya dan dibunuh hanya karena perannya menuntut kebebasan berpendapat, model dalam wujud Marsinah dan jam tangan, varian yang tersirat dalam setiap lirik, dan hipogram berupa kejadian yang dialami Marsinah, dinyatakan hilang setelah menggiring rekan-rekan buruhnya melakukan aksi protes dan mogok kerja dan mayatnya ditemukan di hutan dengan tanda-tanda penyiksaan berat.

Kata kunci: puisi; Riffaterre;  semiotika