Effectiveness of setter ability in the provincial sports week championship in 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the setter's ability at the 2022 volleyball championship. This study used a quantitative approach with survey methods by technically observing ongoing matches. The research sample was the setters consisting of the best teams who made it to the top 8, semifinals and finals, using a purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique was a direct observation of the playing field and was assisted by video documentation on the success, rally and failure of a setter passing the ball at the 2022 Provincial Sports Week Championship. It was assessed based on the observation sheet. The research results indicate that the average setter effectiveness in the top 8 matches was 34% in the very ineffective category. The average result of the effectiveness of the setter in the semifinal match was 48% in the ineffective category. The average result of the effectiveness of setters in the final match was 51% in the ineffective category. The conclusion is that the average effectiveness of the setter's abilities in the Provincial Sports Week Championship from the Big 8 match stage to the final setter is ineffective in feeding the ball.


INTRODUCTION
Volleyball is one of the most popular sports among people in cities and rural areas, both children, boys, and girls, are very enthusiastic about this game (Listina, 2012). Volleyball is a team game consisting of 6 people when competing on the field and 12 people in 1 team with one libero. The game of volleyball is a game that requires cooperation and cohesiveness within the team (Kumbara et al., mastered properly, i.e., the basic techniques of serving, under passing, overpassing, smashing, and blocking (Danu, 2020).
The game of volleyball demands the specialization of each player. In this case, posture also needs to be considered Suryadi, Gustian, et al., 2022;Suryadi, Rubiyatno, et al., 2022). Among the many specializations, there is one that has a very important role, namely a setter or feeder. The main thing in volleyball is the position of the setter. Setters or feeders have a role that is very much needed in a game of volleyball in that the setter is a player who organizes attacks during the game and gets the ball more often.
The setter is the heart of the volleyball game, where the setter receives the second ball to pass the ball to attack the opposing team. Whether the attack is successful or not depends on the setter's quality when feeding the ball to the hitter, which is both in ball placement and accuracy, as well as one's courage as a setter in making decisions to pass to whom to produce points, as stated by (Fauzi, 2010).
Meanwhile, according to the statement (González-Silva et al., 2016), the decision to feed or pass the ball is in the hands of the setter because a setter regulates what position will be baited. In this case, a setter is always required to be calm and not easily provoked by emotions. Thus, if a setter expresses emotion and even gets angry or blames his friends when playing, we can be sure that our team will suffer defeat. A setter's communication is very important in a match.
The ability of the setter to feed the ball must be mastered effectively by all players in the team. The setter must know the character of the ball in the players.
A setter must also be smart in managing strategies when competing. Having a patient character, effective strategies and tactics, and good and careful eyes or views must also be mastered by a setter.
The setter must have good tactics to achieve success when passing the ball. Tactics are all actions and efforts carried out by individuals and teams-the effectiveness or achievement of success on a setter who is perfect at baiting the ball. Therefore, the position of the smash easily attacks the opponent and can generate points. Thus, the setter is required to provide the best bait from every position. Pranopik (2017) stated that variations of the smash are a good strategy for scoring points. With the variety of smashes, it is expected that it will complicate the opponent's defence. Hence, every setter should have tactical and strategic skills in passing the ball perfectly to generate points from good passes and hard attacks supported by maximum passing abilities (Irwanto & Nuriawan, 2021). It is essential to master the ability to pass the ball. The success of a speech depends on the bait setter; thus, this research investigated setters who pass the ball successfully or unsuccessfully. The ability of the setter to make the pass is still inaccurate and inconsistent.
The problem in this research is that there has never been an analysis specifically discussing setters' effectiveness at the national sports week in volleyball games. However, previous research have been conducted, Fauzi (2010) explored research on setters in volleyball, Rusu (2017)  Based on the background described above, the research investigating the level of effectiveness of setter abilities in the 2022 Porprov championship was significant to conduct. It was carried out through an observational assessment in the form of a form to find out how far a setter achieved the results, and it is expected that the results of this study to become a reference in achieving a successful setter in baiting a volleyball.

METHOD
This study applied a quantitative approach with a survey method by technically observing the ongoing competition. According to Krisnan (2021) a quantitative approach means that researchers should use numbers for data collection, data interpretation, and presentation of the results. This sampling technique is a purposive sampling technique. The sample used in this study was a feeder position, particularly a female feeder from a team that made it into the top 8 semifinals and final at the 2022 Provincial Sports Week Championship. This 59 | Deatri Fizariani 1(*) , Eka Supriatna 2 , Rubiyatno 3 Effectiveness of setter ability in the provincial sports week championship in 2022.       46% in the ineffective category, so the average effectiveness of setter abilities in the final match was 51% in the ineffective category. Figure 3 Graph of the effectiveness of setters in the final match.
Based on the graphic data above, it can be seen that the effectiveness of the setters in the final match were: Pontianak: 54%, Sintang 53%, Melawi: 50%, Sekadau: 46%.

Discussion
Based on the data illustrated above concerning the data acquisition, it indicates that the average setter effectiveness in the top 8 matches was 34% in the very ineffective category. The average result of the effectiveness of the setter in the semifinal match was 48% in the ineffective category. The average result of the effectiveness of setters in the final match was 51% in the ineffective category. Based on the results of the matches from the top 8 stages to the final, the results were ineffective. In the final match, the setter should have passed the ball effectively. Things that influence the importance of effective processes in team sports, for example, volleyball, are tactical strategies (Jäger & Schöllhorn, 2007). A team's success is greatly influenced by the quality of the feeder in presenting the ball to the batter, both in terms of accuracy, precision and stability in placement. The courage of the feeder in making decisions or initiatives in which direction and to whom the ball will be given in the game is determined by several things, namely how close the ball is to the net both how high and low the ball crosses. The pitcher or setter handles about a third of all volleyball games.
Hence the number of touches given to the player. Passing fastballs need to be improved in a volleyball game by modifying attacks or baiting. Therefore fastballs are very profitable (Rofiqoh, 2021;Setiawan, 2018;Suyuti & Hakim, 2018;Toyo, 2022).
The main goal of a volleyball match is victory, but the victory of a volleyball team is not only influenced by a setter (Amalia et al., 2023;Raditia et al., 2021). It is because if the feeder provided by a feeder is very good, the final result remains with a spiker executing a bait. As stated by (Raditia et al., 2021), a setter presents or presents the ball in front of the net and is hit with the aim of carrying out attacks on the opposing team. Thus, the feeder can be defined as a volleyball player who presents the ball over the net for his partner to beat as an attack. The readiness of an effective setter must have a certain reaction, for example, a strategic response (Afonso & Mesquita, 2011). In addition, of course, good physical fitness is needed to support performance Suryadi, 2022;Suryadi et al., 2021Suryadi et al., , 2023Suryadi & Rubiyanto, 2022).
The response or readiness of the setter in receiving the pass and passing the ball on the spike, then the setter's role in the top 8 to the final, could be improved, so the result on the ability to pass could be more effective. So every team that takes part in the match must pay attention to improving skills while playing the most important thing, namely the reaction of a setter to pass the ball to the maximum so that it is effective in playing because, with ineffective results, many make mistakes when baiting the ball. So that the same mistakes do not occur and can be detrimental to the team itself when competing and giving points to opponents for free. As stated by (Fortin-Guichard et al., 2020), the setter has responsibility for decision-making. Therefore, the setter must be prepared with the responsibility of feeding the ball.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the research and discussion submitted, it is assumed that the average effectiveness of setters in the provincial championship from the Big 8 stage to the final setter baited the ball ineffectively. The role of the setter in this match needed to be mastered effectively. Each team is expected to improve their ability to feed the ball or setters further. Success and failure often occur due to less mastery and fewer players performing playing skills. With ineffective research results, the coach can improve the setter's ability in the training process by creating a training program for athletes. It is expected the results of this study can serve as a reference for improving the abilities of Indonesian volleyball athletes to be better and achieve better so that they can compete with world teams and produce professional athletes.