Kajian Normatif Pendekatan Digital Untuk Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Dengan Prinsip Restorative Justice
Abstract
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara normatif bagaimana pendekatan digital dapat diterapkan dalam penyelesaian sengketa medis berdasarkan prinsip restorative justice, serta menganalisis tingkat kepatuhan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia terhadap implementasi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan studi dokumen terhadap regulasi nasional, literatur hukum, dan jurnal akademik terkini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan telah mengadopsi prinsip restorative justice dalam penyelesaian sengketa medis, regulasi yang mengatur mekanisme digital dalam mediasi sengketa medis masih belum memadai. Hambatan normatif seperti ketiadaan pengaturan teknis terkait mediasi digital, perlindungan data pribadi, dan validitas tanda tangan elektronik menjadi tantangan utama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan formulasi pengaturan hukum yang komprehensif dan spesifik mengatur penggunaan teknologi digital dalam proses restorative justice agar penyelesaian sengketa medis dapat berlangsung efektif, aman, dan berkeadilan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan kerangka hukum yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi untuk memperkuat sistem penyelesaian sengketa medis berbasis restorative justice di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Mediasi Digital; Regulasi Kesehatan; Restorative justice; Sengketa Medis. ABSTRACT This study aims to normatively examine how digital approaches can be applied in the resolution of medical disputes based on the principles of restorative justice, as well as to analyze the level of compliance of Indonesian legislation with such implementation. The research method used is normative legal research through document studies of national regulations, legal literature, and recent academic journals. The findings indicate that although Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health has adopted the principle of restorative justice in resolving medical disputes, regulations governing digital mechanisms in medical dispute mediation remain inadequate. Normative obstacles such as the absence of technical provisions related to digital mediation, personal data protection, and the validity of electronic signatures pose major challenges. Therefore, a comprehensive and specific legal framework is needed to regulate the use of digital technology in restorative justice processes to ensure that medical dispute resolution can be effective, secure, and fair. This study contributes to the development of a legal framework that is adaptive to technological advancements in strengthening the restorative justice-based medical dispute resolution system in Indonesia. Keywords: Digital Mediation; Health Regulation; Restorative Justice; Medical Disputes.References
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Rufaida, Aghis, and Hudi Yusuf. ‘Implementation of Mediation and Restorative Justice Approaches in Medical Dispute Resolution in Indonesia’. Jiic: Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia 2, no. 1 (2025): 869–78.
Sari, Kumala Prastopo Bungin Sator. ‘Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Pasca Disahkannya Undang-Undang Kesehatan Nomor Tahun 2023’. Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika 5 (2022): 942–52.
Suratman, Suratman. ‘Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice) Sebagai Upaya Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan’. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora Dan Politik 5, no. 3 (2025): 2556–66. https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v5i3.4451.
Andriani, Nursal A&. ‘Pendekatan Yuridis Normatif Dalam Penelitian Hukum’. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Humaniora, 2022, 112–22.
Anisa, and Hudi Yusuf. ‘Penerapan Restorative Justice Dalam PenyelesaianSengketa Medis Di Indonesia’. Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia 2, no. 1 SE-Articles (2025): 758–67. https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jiic/article/view/2242.
Etis, Tantangan, and D A N Hukum. ‘Regulasi Layanan Kesehatan Digital Di Indonesia?’: 7 (2023): 391–414.
I, Farida. ‘Normative Legal Research and Its Significance in the Development of Legal Science.’ Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasioanal 9 (1) (2020): 1–12.
Juliansyah, Rasyid. ‘Implementation of EMR System in Indonesian Health Facilities: Benefits and Constraints’. Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration 10, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.7454/ihpa.v10i1.1140.
Kusumaningrum, Anggraeni Endah. ‘Utilization of Mediation in Medical Dispute Settlement During Covid 19 Pandemic’. Diponegoro Law Review 7, no. 1 (2022): 138–49. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.7.1.2022.138-149.
Minar Mushari, Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar. ‘Prinsip Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Malpraktek?: Suatu Pendekatan Alternatif’. Indonesia Journal Law 2, no. 1 (2025): 1–11. https://jurnal.intekom.id/index.php/inlaw.
Nurhidayat, M. ‘Analisis Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif Dalam Studi Studi Hukum Islam.’ Al Risalah: Forum Kajian Hukum Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 2019, 173–86.
Putri, Farah Fahira. ‘Advantages and Disadvantages of Restorative Justice Approach in Medical Dispute Resolution’. Progressive Law Review 5, no. 2 (2023): 156–68.
Riyanto, Ontran Sumantri. ‘Dekonstruksi Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Dalam Sengketa Medis: Perspektif Restorative Justice Sebagai Paradigma Baru Perlindungan Ham Bagi Tenaga Medis’. Juris Humanity: Jurnal Riset Dan Kajian Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia 3, no. 2 (2024): 78–89. https://doi.org/10.37631/jrkhm.v3i2.66.
Rufaida, Aghis, and Hudi Yusuf. ‘Implementation of Mediation and Restorative Justice Approaches in Medical Dispute Resolution in Indonesia’. Jiic: Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia 2, no. 1 (2025): 869–78.
Sari, Kumala Prastopo Bungin Sator. ‘Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Pasca Disahkannya Undang-Undang Kesehatan Nomor Tahun 2023’. Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika 5 (2022): 942–52.
Suratman, Suratman. ‘Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice) Sebagai Upaya Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan’. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora Dan Politik 5, no. 3 (2025): 2556–66. https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v5i3.4451.
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2025-09-14
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