INDONESIAN SPORT CLIMBING COACH WOMEN'S CAREER VIEW FROM PERSPECTIVE OF MASCULINITY

Abstract

Women's participation in coaching, especially for masculine sports, is rare. Previous studies have focused on investigating the opportunities for young female Indonesian athletes to have careers in male sports. The coach's point of view must be examined, especially in sport climbing. Thus, this research intended to investigate the careers of Indonesian women's sport climbing coaches from the masculinity perspective. This study applied a qualitative approach (case study). In addition, the triangulation was implemented by involving three respondents. They were one Indonesian female sport climbing coach delivering her athletes to the world championships and two athletes covering one male athlete and one female athlete trained by the coach, using triangulation of respondents. The sampling technique used snowball sampling. The instruments consisted of observation, open interviews and record reviews. Statistical analysis in this research were (1) collecting information (observation, interviews, and documentation), (2) asking open questions to participants and preparing field notes, (3) analyzing data to form themes or categories (4) looking for patterns, generalizations, or a broad theory of themes or categories, and (5) puts forward generalizations and theories from past experience and literature. The research results indicate that career barriers among sport climbing trainers consist of gender discrimination, lack of self-confidence, dual role conflict, inadequate preparation, decision-making difficulties and dissatisfaction with career. Apart from that, sport climbing is a masculine sport so coaches don't just train and make training programs but also have to be able to be belayers, install equipment and make climbing routes so women are needed who are strong and tough and can devote most of their time to training athletes. If this is fulfilled, it is possible that women could become extraordinary sport climbing coaches. Another finding is that the masculine appearance of sport climbing trainers is due to the environment and work demands that require them to look masculine.